3D成像技术简介

配合红外发射接收模块使用, 3D成像技术可以实现拍摄物体深度数据（如位置、细节）的采集，进而还原真实场景. 目前, 3D成像技术分为三种类型: (1)结构光: 典型企业包括苹果公司(who acquired the biggest structure light company Prime Sense), Microsoft(Kinect-1), Intel(RealSense), 谷歌(Project Tango) 等等. The majority of startups follow this technical route now. (2)Binocular Stereo Vision: Representative company is Leap Motion. (3)到F: Typical company is Microsoft(Kinect-2).

Structured light is based on the principle of optical triangle measurement. According to the degree of distortion of light spot, it can measure object’s far and near angles. Then the camera will collect changes of light spot datas and then reconstructed the object by algorithm. 例如, when it is a direct light, the size of light spot reflects the distance of object; while it is in a slanting light, the focal length of elliptical light spot reflects the angle between the object and lens’ section.

Binocular Stereo Vision is an important form of machine vision. Based on the parallax principle and using imaging equipments to obtain two images of the object from different positions, we can obtain three-dimensional geometric information of the object through calculating the position deviation between the corresponding points of the image.

ToF stands for Time of Flight, which obtains the exact distance of object through sending laser pulse to the target continously and then receiving the reflected light with a sensor. By detecting the flight light of the laser pulse, we can get the exact distance of the target object.